The Problem
 Helen Diller. |
But the Helen Diller Family Programs in Jewish Studies from the start went awry. The university used the funds to hire Oren Yiftachel, a viciously anti-Zionist professor who holds that "Israel has created a colonial setting, held through violent control and a softening illusion of a nation-state and democratic citizenship." This left the donor displeased and frustrated; in the words of Moment magazine's Liel Liebowitz, "having given the endowment, there was nothing she could do but wince."
 Logo for the Diller Programs in Jewish Studies at the University of California-Berkeley. |
As Martin Kramer noted in a review of the Diller case, "academic administrators can be pretty sharp dealers on their own turf." Having served as an academic administrator, Kramer reveals the drill: "You take the money, you cut the donor's strings by invoking academic freedom, and you turn the resources to what you think is worthy." He draws an important conclusion from this sorry tale: "Outside money is wasted in an attempt to cut across the political grain of a department, program, or center. It works best at reinforcing a priority that the professors have already set for themselves."
Indeed, Diller's experience is part of a larger pattern; donors to universities wish to support a specific academic study or program, only to find its wishes hijacked and the funds used for something quite different, or even exactly contrary to their wishes. Lee Bass gave $20 million to Yale University in 1991; when he expressed dismay at their use, his funds were handed back to him along with a lecture on how the university "never" accepts a gift with conditions. The Robertson family wanted to take control of the giant $558 million Robertson Foundation at Princeton University out of frustration that the university had applied the money to purposes other than set out by the foundation.
When universities defy donor wishes by insisting that academic freedom requires donors not to have more than advisory control over the use of their funds, donors wishing to fund higher education that "cut across the political grain" have reason to expect their wishes will be ignored.
The Solution
To escape this predicament, National Review started its short-lived "National Review Collegiate Giving Clubs" in 2010 with the intent to support teaching that is pro-American, pro-free markets, and pro-Judeo-Christian tradition. In a similar spirit, Anne D. Neal and Michael B. Poliakoff of the American Council of Trustees and Alumni published in 2011 the second edition of their helpful Intelligent Donor's Guide to College Giving focused on making the right choices when giving money to universities, offering such sound advice as "be selective," "define your goals," "look under the hood," "select the best," and "find a faculty friend."
These initiatives however, accept the existing donor-university relationship and the inevitability that donors will have little say over the disposition of their funds. I should like to challenge this assumption and propose an alternative: rather than endow institutions, as is presently the case, donors should offer to pay the operating expenses for individual scholars.
In this scenario, the donor chooses a scholar whose work and outlook reflects his own interests and views, then offers to pay for the scholar's salary and associated expenses (such as research assistants). The pairing made, donor and scholar form a team. The donor then offers the scholar's expenses-paid services to a university. As long as the scholar teaches at that university, the donor (or his estate) covers the scholar's expenses. When the scholar leaves, retires, is incapacitated or dies, the funds paying for him evaporate.
This approach guarantees that the donor's funds remain permanently under his control or that of his estate, eliminating the problem of donors funding what they do not wish to support. In particular, this method permits conservative or pro-Israel donors to fund professors of their choosing. It fundamentally changes the power balance. Over time, this could make a significant difference in university life.
Needed Changes
Offered funds on these terms, university administrators will likely bridle and resist, recognizing the implied shift in power. Presumably, they will not accept a donor's money if limited to funding a single scholar, but will insist on sticking to the traditional pattern of capital gifts turned over to the university. This resistance precludes individual donors from effecting change on their own; they need, rather, to organize under the auspices of a sophisticated, well-funded institution.
That institution will have to oversee the complex process of (1) inspiring, bringing together, and guiding donors, especially generous and prominent ones, in a common purpose, (2) serving as a clearing house to match donors and scholars, (3) finding a suitable university for each team, (4) counseling teams as they negotiate with universities, and (5) monitoring the scholars and notifying donors when they leave a university's employ.
This approach also requires donors to change their ways. First, it means abandoning the traditional focus on one's alma mater in favor of being prepared to donate to any worthy institution. That means shifting from a sentimental outlook to a strategic one, caring less about the football team and more about resisting the Left's sustained efforts at indoctrination. Second, it means forgoing the prospect of memorializing their families or themselves in perpetuity. Third, it requires advance planning so that, should a donor be seeking a tax write off, the scholar and the institution are available for quick action within the calendar year. These changes imply a sea change in outlook and consciousness among alumni awake to the Left's hegemony at American universities.
The donor-scholar team has to be prepared to be rebuffed, especially in the early years, and be ready to try one university after another until it finds one willing to accept the new terms. Hundreds of major institutions of higher learning exist in the United States; presumably, this novel approach will begin with the financially weaker institutions which can less afford to turn down the funds and the scholar.
There is no denying the challenges to implementing this idea of donor-scholar teams. But donors have strengths that they are not at present exploiting: money talks, universities feel a financial pinch, and potential donors feel increasingly frustrated by universities' left-wing tilt.
Although donors taking control of the money they donate to professorships helps solve only one small part of this vast picture, that of elite faculty, this mechanism provides important, fresh ideas to challenge stale orthodoxies. As such, it will weaken the Left's death-grip on university life.
Mr. Pipes (DanielPipes.org), founder of Campus Watch, has taught at Harvard, Pepperdine, the U.S. Naval War College, and the University of Chicago.
Feb. 14, 2013 update: A friend, Dr. Bob Shillman, endorses my ideas above and adds, given his own experience with universities, the following two suggestions: (1) Concerning my point about this scheme implying donors not memorializing their families or themselves in perpetuity, he writes:
Not necessarily true: as a condition of the gift, any gift, even one that is spread out over time (as I describe below) the donor can require that the donee agree to memorialize the family/donor for the duration of the stream of payments, and to do so in perpetuity if the sum of the stream of payments reaches or exceeds a certain amount of dollars. I do it all the time.
(2) Concerning my point about advance planning:
If the donor uses a donor advised fund, such as The Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund, the donor can donate the full amount of the "anticipated gift to the university" at any time the donor wishes, thereby giving the donor complete control over the timing of his charitable gift and the associated tax deduction. But ... the ultimate donee (the university) doesn't get the money from the donor advised fund until the donor advises the fund when and how much of that original grant to send to the university. Again, I do this all of the time and it works great!
For every one of my donations that has an "expected" total of more than $50,000, I typically write an agreement entered into by myself and the donee that clearly specifies how the amounts are to given and then spent. If I discover that in any prior year that the donee didn't spend it in the way that I wanted, then all future scheduled donations are canceled.
May 20, 2013 update: Peter Berkowitz asks "Are Universities Above the Law?" and then documents how "the great unscrutinized institutions of our time" flagrantly ignore donor intent in their use of funds.
Jan. 27, 2020 update: Thanks to Hillsdale College, the University of Missouri had to pay at least some intention to the intent of a deceased donor, Sherlock Hibbs. That's a small encouragement.
